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The Flag of the four Moors, or simply the four moors (''I quattro mori'' in Italian, ''Sos bator moros'' in Logudorese Sardinian, ''Is cuatru morus'' in Campidanese Sardinian) is the official flag of the autonomous region of Sardinia, Italy, and the historical flag and coat of arms of the Kingdom of Sardinia. Described as a "white field with a red cross and a bandaged Moor's head facing away from the luff (edge close to the mast ) in each quarter" (Regional Law 15 April 1999, n. 10, Article 1.)〔http://www.regione.sardegna.it/j/v/86?v=9&c=72&s=1&file=1999010〕 The flag is composed of the St. George Cross and four heads of Moors which in the past were blindfolded and turned towards the luff. The heads are taken to represent the defeated Moors, first used in the seals of Aragonese kings and later transferred to the Kingdom of Sardinia. ==History== The oldest certified emblem of the four moors dates back to 1281: it was the seal of the Royal Chancellery of Peter of Aragon, but the four heads had no bandages and were bearded; the coat of arms of Sardinia never appeared in such a way. After that the kingdom of Sardinia was founded in 1326, it became part of the Crown of Aragon; these seals will come to closing documents of King James II (1326), Alfonso Benigno (1327-1336) and Peter I (1336-1387). Some specimens are preserved in the Historical Archive of the city of Cagliari. The late 14th century Gelre Armorial attributes the ''quattro mori' to the Kingdom of Sardinia in the states of the Crown of Aragon. It is found in another Armorial perhaps from Lorraine area (preserved in the National Library of France) and of uncertain date but certainly in the 15th century. In 1509, another Portuguese Armorial Book (Livro do Armeiro-mor). Sardinia is represented only with the cross of St. George. The ''quattro mori'' begin to be used consistently as a symbol of the Kingdom of Sardinia during the time of the Catholic Monarchs, and especially from the time of the Emperor Charles V. A book printed by Plantin, Antwerp, representing the funeral procession of Charles V composed of bishops and harnessed horses with the insignia of each state. In Sardinia the first safe attestation of the coat of arms is on the cover of the Acts of the ''military arm'' of the Sardinian Parliament, the Capitols de Cort del Stament Militar de Serdenya printed in Cagliari in 1591. At this time, now the memories of the long and often fratricidal wars with the Judge of Arborea was ebbing away, the Iberian settlers were now included in the Sardinian society, with the passing of generations, becoming an integral part for inclusion in a political organization in which not only Sardinia, but also Aragon and Catalonia were small components. It meant that the accession at the Imperial Habsburg Ideology, reinvigorate also the sense of belonging to that little State that was represented by the ''quattro mori''. Over the centuries the flag or coat of arms of the four Moors were depicted in various ways: without bandage, with blindfold or forehead, facing to luff or to fly end, or crowned, with no moors, in reverse, and this according to the mode of the charged artist, such as that under the leadership of Diego Velázquez and Francisco de Zurbaran represented in the Palacio del Buen Retiro in Madrid. Throughout the period of the Iberian monarchies the original design of the bandages on his forehead is respected. During the Savoy House domain in the mid-18th century, instead, the iconography of putting the blindfold over the eyes of the moors settled and continued to persist until 1999, within the flag of St. George, in every quarter and in the direction of the luff. The Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Sardinia clearly leads the four moors with the bandage on their foreheads. The blindfold appears in 1800: a probable error of a copyist or a deliberate "error" in protest. In 1952, the shield of the blindfolded eyes ''quattro mori'' became the official flag of the Autonomous Region and also adorned his banner (Decree of the President of the Republic of July 5, 1952). In 1999, a special regional law changed the flag of the Four Moors from the Kingdom of Sardinia-Savoy version to that original one as described in the introduction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Flag of Sardinia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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